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Czechia

Nuclear regulatory authority

The independent State Office for Nuclear Safety is responsible for nuclear safety, radiation protection, physical protection, emergency preparedness, RAW, decommissioning, transportation, technical safety of nuclear installations; and control of non-proliferation of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, etc. The Radioactive Waste Repository Authority is responsible for management of activities related to the disposal of radioactive waste.

Bulgaria

Nuclear regulatory authority

The independent regulatory authority is the Nuclear Regulatory Agency.

Austria

Nuclear regulatory authority

The legislative and regulatory framework regarding nuclear safety comprises the legal areas of radiation protection, installation safety, safeguards and physical portection of nuclear material and nuclear facilities as well as radioactive waste management. As Austria constitutes a Federal State, a number of federal (Bund), provincial (Länder) and district authorities (Bezirksverwaltungsbehörden) are involved in the regulation of these matters.

The Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) of the OECD

In all, 28 countries including 18 from the EU are members of the OECD/NEA. The NEA is the international focus for the developed nations on nuclear issues. It brings together a number of countries from North America, Europe and the Asia-Pacific region, and this membership represents much of the world's nuclear expertise. The role of the OECD/NEA is complementary to that of the IAEA.

The IAEA

The IAEA is the world´s center of cooperation in the nuclear field within the United Nations family. The IAEA works with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide to promote safe, secure and peaceful nuclear technologies. The IAEA helps countries to ensure nuclear safety and to prepare for and respond to emergencies.

Clone of National regulators

Fifteen EU Member States out of twenty seven have chosen to use nuclear energy for power generation. The EU-27 has the largest number of commercial nuclear power stations in the world. In EU-27 some 148 nuclear reactors are in operation, providing around one third of Europe's electricity.

For more information about nuclear energy in individual countries, you are welcome to consult country profiles by clicking on a country in the map here under.

Emergency arrangements at international level

The international community has created, under auspices of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), a system of notification and warning as well as a system of international assistance in case of a nuclear or radiological incident or accident.

Emergency arrangements at EU level

At the EU level, there are several networks that integrate national monitoring and forecasting systems and allow rapid, coordinated responses to radiological emergencies by sharing real-time data. These are:

National responsibility

At the national level, legislation is adopted which allocates clearly the responsibilities for the preparedness and response to a nuclear or radiological emergency. This legislation takes account of and implements EU requirements for emergency preparedness arrangements, including arrangements for informing the public.

International organisations involved in nuclear safety guidance

Several international organisations contribute to guidance and standards for all aspects of nuclear safety. These international bodies include:

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

International Guidance on Nuclear Safety and Radioactive Waste Management